The crypto glossary A–Z
The words from the charts, the wallet pop-ups and the group chat. Get the meaning, see an example and follow the source.
Price feed
A source of asset-price updates that applications can read, often through an onchain oracle record.
Price impact
The change in a trade’s effective price caused by that trade using available liquidity.
Priority fee
The part of an Ethereum transaction’s gas price paid to the block proposer above the base fee.
Private key
Secret key material used to create signatures or perform other private-key operations in a public-key system.
Proof of stake
A consensus approach that uses committed assets to help select validators and hold them accountable.
Proof of work
A mechanism that requires computational work to qualify a candidate block for acceptance.
Proxy contract
A contract that forwards calls to implementation code while retaining its own address and storage.
PSBT
Partially Signed Bitcoin Transaction: a format for passing transaction data between wallets and signing devices.
Public key
The shareable part of a public-key pair, used to verify signatures or perform certain encryption operations.
Reentrancy
A pattern where an external call re-enters a contract before an earlier operation has finished.
REKT
Wrecked: crypto slang for taking a brutal loss or having a trade go badly wrong.
Relayer
A service or account that submits a transaction on behalf of someone else.
Replace by fee
A relay-policy mechanism for replacing an eligible pending transaction with a higher-fee transaction.
Replay attack
Reusing a valid authorization where it should no longer apply or should never have applied.
Responsible disclosure
Reporting a vulnerability through a process that gives maintainers a chance to address it before public release.
Revert
An execution failure that rolls back changes made by the affected contract call.
Rollup
A scaling system that executes transactions separately and publishes required data and commitments to a base chain.
RPC provider
A service giving wallets and applications access to blockchain node APIs.
Rug pull
A scam where project controllers use their position to take value from users after attracting funds.
Sandwich attack
A trading attack that places transactions before and after another trader's trade to exploit its price movement.
Satoshi
One hundred millionth of a bitcoin, commonly shortened to sat.
Schnorr signature
A digital-signature construction with properties useful for certain multisignature and aggregation protocols.
Seed phrase
Recovery words used by many wallets to derive the keys that control an account.
SegWit
A Bitcoin upgrade that separates witness data, such as signatures, from the traditional transaction serialization.
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