Cryptographic hash
A deterministic digest designed to make reversing it or finding certain matching inputs computationally impractical.
In more detail
A hash turns data into a compact identifier or commitment. The same input and algorithm give the same result, while changing the input generally changes its digest. Hashing differs from encryption: there is no general decryption key that restores the original data from the digest.
How you might use it
Your node hashes the received transaction data and checks whether the result matches the transaction identifier it was given.
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